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全球气候变化背景下,吉林省西部半干旱区气候发生明显变化,对该区域的玉米生产产生了深刻影响.本文于2008年进行了3个早播和传统播种试验,早播的玉米种子分别进行3种处理(10℃催芽、25℃催芽和干种子),考察早播不同种子处理对玉米出苗、生长和产量的影响,比较早播与传统播期对玉米生长和产量的影响.结果表明:1961—2010年,研究区玉米生长季初日提前,气温显著升高,降水呈减少趋势;目前,吉林省半干旱区玉米播种可提前至4月11日;采用10℃水温浸种催芽播种、直接播种干种子、坐水种等方式,均有利于早播的出苗和抗寒;早播玉米株高和叶面积显著高于传统播期,产量比传统播期高35%～48%.
In the context of global climate change, climate change in the semi-arid region of western Jilin Province has changed significantly, which has a profound impact on maize production in the region.In this paper, three early-sowing and traditional sowing experiments were conducted in 2008, The effects of different seed treatments of early sowing on the emergence, growth and yield of maize were investigated, and the effects of early sowing and traditional sowing date on the growth and yield of maize were compared.The results showed that: From 1961 to 2010, the early growing season of corn in the study area advanced earlier, the temperature increased significantly and the precipitation decreased. At present, the sowing of maize in semi-arid area of Jilin Province can be advanced to April 11; Dry seeds, water and other means, are conducive to early emergence of seedlings and cold; early sowing corn plant height and leaf area was significantly higher than the traditional sowing date, the yield is 35% to 48% higher than the traditional sowing date.