数学的抽象性、严密性和应用的广泛性常常使学生难以理解,甚至望而却步;又由于惰性心理、逆反心理是小学生中常见的心理现象,因而数学较其它学科来得枯燥、乏味。大量的定理、性质,大量的计算、证明,也常常使学生难以接受,甚至厌烦。因此,在指导学生学习数学时,应重视激发学生的学习兴趣,做到联系实际近一点,巧设悬念趣一点,竞争机制活一点,扫除障碍通一点。一、联系实际——“近”布鲁纳说过,学习的最好刺激是对教学材料的兴趣。小学生数学认知结构中包括较多的日常概念和生 Mathematic abstraction, rigor and application of the extensive nature of the students often make it difficult to understand, even discouraged; and because of inertia, rebellion is a common psychological phenomenon among primary school students, so mathematics than other disciplines to boring and boring. A large number of theorems, nature, a large number of calculations, to prove, but also often make students difficult to accept, even tired. Therefore, when guiding students to learn mathematics, we should attach great importance to stimulating the students' interest in learning so as to make the actual contact a little closer. First, to connect with reality - “Near” Bruner said that the best learning stimulus is the interest in teaching materials. Primary school mathematics cognitive structure includes more daily concepts and students