“职工持股”作为一种筹集资金的形式,起源于欧美地区。二战前,日本有少量企业也曾采纳实行,但数量微不足道。二战后,随着日本经济的恢复与发展,“职工持股”作为一种制度在日本各企业中推广开来。 到1988年,共有1978家股份公司注册上市,其中1800家实行了职工持股制度,占总数的91％左右,而持有公司股票的职工则占全体职工的45.8％。这些持股职工组成的持股职工工会中有25％左右已跻身于本公司10大股东之列,尤其是四国银行、大成建筑公司的持股职工工会,分别成为本公司第一、第二大股东,在公司事务上拥有很大的参与权,具有相当大的经济实力。 “Employee stock ownership” as a form of raising funds originated in Europe and the United States. Before World War II, a small number of companies in Japan had also adopted and implemented, but the amount was negligible. After World War II, with the recovery and development of the Japanese economy, “employee shareholding” was promoted as a system among Japanese companies. By 1988, a total of 1978 joint-stock companies had been listed on the stock market, of which 1800 had implemented the employee stock ownership system, which accounted for about 91% of the total, while employees holding company stocks accounted for 45.8% of all employees. About 25% of the employee unions comprising these shareholding employees have become among the top 10 shareholders of the company, and in particular, the employees of the Four Nations Banking Corporation and Dacheng Construction Company have become the first and second largest employees of the company. Shareholders have a great deal of participation in corporate affairs and have considerable economic strength.