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应用~(15)N研究表明,植物从无机肥料中吸收利用的氮占总氮量的35—60％,土壤固定的氮占20—30％,少量氮由根际层淋失,而气态损失达20—30％(休闲地可达60％)。因此,研究氮肥在土壤中的变化,测定氮素气态损失的数量和形式,探讨减少这种损失的方法,具有重要的意义。与此同时,随着氮肥品种的增多和施肥量的提高,确定肥料氮素的非生产性损失有何变化,也很有意义。许多科研工作者指出,氮素气态损失与肥料的类型有关,施用硝态氮的损失大于施用氨态和酰胺态氨。但关于不同施肥量对氮素气态损失的影响,文献中缺少可供比较的资料。
Studies using ~ (15) N show that plants use up to 35-60% of the total nitrogen absorbed from inorganic fertilizers, 20-30% of the fixed nitrogen in the soil, a small amount of nitrogen leaching from the rhizosphere, and a loss of gas Up to 20-30% (leisurely up to 60%). Therefore, it is of great importance to study the changes of nitrogen in soils, to determine the quantity and form of nitrogen loss and to discuss ways to reduce this loss. In the meantime, with the increase of nitrogenous fertilizer varieties and the increase of fertilizer application, it is also significant to determine what the non-productive loss of fertilizer nitrogen has changed. Many researchers point out that the loss of nitrogen gas is related to the type of fertilizer, and the loss of application of nitrate nitrogen is greater than that of ammonia and amido ammonia. However, there is a lack of comparable data in the literature on the effect of different fertilizers on nitrogen gas loss.