一、引言近年来,对光谱增感机理的讨论都是以单电子或正穴从染料分子转移到卤化银为依据的。这些讨论认为,电子的传递过程,取决于位于卤化银导带底部和价带顶部的光激发染料分子的最高占有能级和最低空位能级的位置。这种直接电子传递理论在禁带能域中既未引入电子施主能级,也未引入电子受主能级,而是认为吸附了染料的高纯度和完整的卤化银单晶在吸收了1. 5～3eV 能量的光电子后就会形成潜影。但是这一结论是与热力学第一定律相违背的,因为在卤化银表面位置形成分离的Ag 和Br 原子至少要吸收 I. INTRODUCTION In recent years, the discussion of the mechanism of spectral sensitization has been based on the transfer of single or positive holes from dye molecules to silver halide. These discussions suggest that the transfer of electrons depends on the position of the highest occupied and lowest vacancy energy levels of photo-excited dye molecules located at the bottom of the silver halide and the top of the valence band. This theory of direct electron transfer neither introduces the electron donor level nor the electron acceptor level in the bandgap energy domain, but assumes that the highly pure and intact silver halide single crystal adsorbed with the dye absorbs 1. 5 ~ 3eV energy photoelectrons will form a latent image. However, this conclusion is contrary to the first law of thermodynamics because the formation of separated Ag and Br atoms at the surface of silver halide should be absorbed at least