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目的了解北京市房山区居民恶性肿瘤死亡状况及变化趋势,为今后恶性肿瘤防治工作提供参考依据。方法使用由房山区疾病预防控制中心整理保存的居民病伤死亡原因报表数据,按照国际疾病分类标准,对房山区1976-2011年居民恶性肿瘤死亡资料进行统计分析。结果房山区1976-2011年居民恶性肿瘤年均死亡率为80.55/10万,恶性肿瘤死亡率呈现上升趋势。去除人口因素,恶性肿瘤死亡率从1976年呈缓慢上升,到1994-2006年期间达到高峰,从2007年开始呈现下降趋势。随年龄的增长恶性肿瘤死亡率上升,从20世纪70年代开始到90年代,分年龄段死亡率的变化,出现年龄提前的现象。在2000年代,年龄出现退后现象。目前人口老龄化是恶性肿瘤死亡率增长的主要原因。男性恶性肿瘤年均死亡率高于女性。肺癌和肝癌所占比例高且上升趋势明显。结论恶性肿瘤已经成为房山区居民的主要死因之一,50岁以后的中老年是高发人群,肺癌和肝癌是防治的重点。
Objective To understand the status of malignant tumor deaths and its changing trend in Fangshan District, Beijing, and to provide references for future prevention and treatment of malignant tumors. Methods According to the international classification criteria of disease, statistical data of death of malignant tumors among residents in Fangshan District from 1976 to 2011 were analyzed by using the data of death causes of residents killed by Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Results The average annual mortality rate of resident malignant tumors in Fangshan District from 1976 to 2011 was 80.55 / 100 000, and the mortality rate of malignant tumors showed an upward trend. Demographic factors removed the mortality of malignant tumors from a slow increase in 1976 and peaked from 1994 to 2006, with a downward trend starting in 2007. With the increase of the age, the mortality rate of malignant tumor has increased. From the 1970s to the 90s, the death rate in different age groups showed the phenomenon of advanced age. In the 2000s, there was a regression in age. The current population aging is the main reason for the increase of malignant tumor mortality. The average annual death rate of male malignant tumors is higher than that of women. The proportion of lung cancer and liver cancer is high and the upward trend is obvious. Conclusions Malignant tumors have become one of the major causes of death among residents in Fangshan District. Middle-aged and elderly patients after 50 years old are the most frequently-occurring population, and lung cancer and liver cancer are the focus of prevention and treatment.