目的 :研究神经酰胺对结核杆菌低分子多肽抗原 (Mtb)诱导的γδT细胞活化及凋亡作用。方法 :用结核杆菌低分子多肽抗原刺激正常人PBMC ,并用磁珠阳性分选法获得高纯度的γδT细胞。通过MTT试验观察神经酰胺、鞘磷脂酶以及神经酰胺合成酶抑制剂FumonisinB1对γδT细胞的活化作用 ;FACS检测其对γδT细胞的凋亡作用。结果 :Mtb刺激获得的γδT细胞可达 73 % ,磁珠分选后可高达 98% ;高浓度神经酰胺及鞘磷脂酶能抑制γδT细胞的增殖 ,而出现凋亡 ,FumonisinB1则对γδT细胞的增殖及凋亡无明显影响。结论 :鞘磷脂水解产生的神经酰胺对γδT细胞有致凋亡作用 Objective: To study the effect of ceramide on the activation and apoptosis of γδT cells induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis low molecular peptide antigen (Mtb). Methods: Normal human PBMCs were stimulated with low molecular weight peptide antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and high purity γδT cells were obtained by magnetic beads positive sorting. The activation of γδT cells by ceramide, sphingomyelinase and ceramide synthase inhibitor FumonisinB1 was observed by MTT assay. The apoptosis of γδT cells was detected by FACS. Results: Mtb stimulated γδT cells up to 73%, magnetic beads sorting up to 98%; high concentrations of ceramide and sphingomyelinase can inhibit γδT cell proliferation, apoptosis, FumonisinB1 γδT cell proliferation And apoptosis had no significant effect. Conclusion: Ceramide hydrolyzed by sphingomyelin can induce apoptosis of γδT cells