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近几年来,我国钢铁工业在贯彻执行调整方针中,立足现有企业,依靠内部挖潜,创造和采用了许多适合我国国情的先进而又适用的技术;对提高产品质量、扩大品种、节约能源、改善环境保护条件,以及增加经济效益,起了良好作用。这些适用技术,大都是针对我国钢铁工业调整、发展中需要解决的关键问题,根据我国的资源特点、能源条件和技术装备条件选用的;以对老企业进行挖潜、革新、改造。一般投资较省,见效较快,效益较好。这里刊出钢铁司企业管理处整理的《老企业挖潜技术经验三十七例》就是其中一部分。目前,各企业正在推广和采用的适用技术很多,例如:选矿方面的“细筛再磨”;烧结方面的“低炭厚料”操作、高碱度烧结矿;炼铁方面的高炉喷煤技术;炼钢方面的钢包吹氩、炉外精炼、喷射冶金、凹形底板、瓶口模和压盖封顶铸锭,以及发展小连铸等;轧钢方面的钢坯清理、控制轧制和冷却技术、钢板轧机液压微调装置、滚动导板等。发展我国钢铁工业,今后主要不是依靠扩大基本建设规模,而是依靠发挥现有企业的作用,逐步由外延为主转向内涵为主,由粗放经营转向集约经营。推广和应用适用技术,是提高钢铁生产技术水平,走这条新路子的重要途径之一,也是一条重要的技术方针,有重大现实意义和长远意义。要在推广和提高的基础上,进一步优选、配套,逐步形成适合我国特点的钢铁生产技术结构和体系,更好地为轻工、人民生活、农业、国民经济各部门的技术改造及国防、出口服务。
In recent years, China’s steel industry, based on its existing policies and policies, has created and adopted many advanced and applicable technologies that are suitable for China’s national conditions by relying on its internal potentials. It is also necessary to improve the quality of products, expand varieties, conserve energy, Improve environmental protection conditions, and increase economic efficiency, played a good role. Most of these applicable technologies are aimed at the key issues that need to be solved in the adjustment and development of China’s steel industry. They are selected according to the characteristics of resources, energy conditions and technical equipment in our country, and are aimed at tapping potential, reforming and reforming the old enterprises. General investment than the province, quick results, better efficiency. Here is a division of Steel Division Enterprise Management Division finishing the “old business tap the technical experience of thirty-seven” is one part. At present, there are many applicable technologies being promoted and adopted by various enterprises, for example, “fine screen regrinding” in mineral processing, “low carbon thick material” operation in sintering, high basicity sinter, blast furnace coal injection in ironmaking ; Steel ladle argon blowing, furnace refining, jet metallurgy, concave floor, bottle mold and gable top ingot, and the development of small continuous casting; rolling steel billet cleaning, control rolling and cooling technology, Plate mill hydraulic fine-tuning device, rolling guides and so on. The development of China’s steel industry in the future mainly relies not only on expanding the scale of capital construction, but on relying on the role of existing enterprises to gradually shift from extending mainly to connotation and from extensive operation to intensive operation. The promotion and application of applicable technologies are one of the important ways to improve the technological level of steel production and take this new path. It is also an important technical guideline, which is of great realistic and long-term significance. On the basis of promotion and improvement, we should further optimize and support the gradual formation of a steel structure and system suitable for our country’s characteristics so as to better serve the technological transformation of the light industry, people’s livelihood, agriculture and various branches of the national economy as well as national defense and export service.