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心停跳的抢救一直为人们所重视,本世纪初Crile首先将肾上腺素用于心肺复苏(CPR),并得到临床所公认。1986年美国心脏协会提出在CPR时的治疗标准和指南中心将肾上腺素作为首选药物,并推荐静脉注射0.5～1mg的“标准剂量”。继之对心肺脑复苏的研究已有很大进展,但复苏的效果不尽理想,死亡率仍在60％以上。最近对肾上腺素在CPR时的剂量问题重新给予评价。认为所谓标准剂量仅仅是根据推算而来,没有进行量效关系的研究,因此缺乏科学依据。一些实验研究表明,比标准剂量大10倍的肾上腺素能对动物和人体产生血流动力学的改善,大大提高了复苏的成功率。
Heart-stopping rescue has always been valued by people. At the beginning of this century, Crile first used epinephrine in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and was clinically recognized. The 1986 American Heart Association guidelines for treatment at CPR guidelines and guidelines center adrenaline as the drug of choice, and recommended intravenous injection of 0.5 ~ 1mg “standard dose.” Followed by CPR research has made great progress, but the effect of recovery is not ideal, the mortality rate is still above 60%. Recently the dose of epinephrine at CPR was re-evaluated. It is considered that the so-called standard dose is only based on the deduction, and there is no research on the relationship between dose-effect and lack of scientific basis. Some experimental studies have shown that adrenergic effects 10 times greater than the standard dose produce hemodynamic improvements in both animals and humans, greatly increasing the success rate of resuscitation.