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我国于1957年开始研制空气弹簧。首先用于铁路车辆减振及提高运行特性。于1968年又将空气弹簧用于精密设备隔微振。国外自1947年开始,将空气弹簧用于铁路车辆,目前亦大量用作精密设备,仪器、仪表的隔振元件。最原始的空气弹簧是活塞——汽缸式,又称套筒式空气弹簧。而目前的空气弹簧是以橡胶——帘线为材质,配以金属气室,并带有高度控制阀,所以它是橡胶与金属组合的隔振元件。空气弹簧主要分囊式与膜式两种。囊式有圆囊和长囊两种,又分为单曲、双曲、三曲等;膜式分约束膜式与自由膜式两种,此外,还有袖式、枕式等,其中以自由膜式隔振性能最好。空气弹簧是利用压缩空气的内能而获得了弹性,橡胶囊中的帘线主要承受荷载,其主要优点是:
Our country began to develop air springs in 1957. First of all, it is used to reduce vibration and improve running characteristics of railway vehicles. In 1968, the air springs were used for precision devices separated by micro-vibration. Abroad Since 1947, air springs have been used in railway vehicles. At present, they are also widely used as vibration isolation components for precision equipment, instruments and meters. The most primitive air spring is a piston - cylinder, also known as sleeve air springs. The current air spring is rubber - cord material, with metal gas chamber, and with a high degree of control valve, so it is a combination of rubber and metal vibration isolation components. Air spring is mainly divided into two types of capsule and membrane. Capsule capsule and capsule two, and is divided into single, double, triple, etc .; membrane sub-constrained membrane and free membrane type two, in addition, there are sleeves, pillows and so on, of which Free diaphragm vibration isolation performance best. Air springs use the internal energy of compressed air to obtain the elasticity. The cords in the rubber capsule mainly bear the load. The main advantages are: