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目的:探讨高温、噪声环境中飞行对飞行员红细胞膜ATP酶活性的影响.方法:飞行员24名为实验组,普通地面人员21名为对照组.作多靶场轰炸飞行,舱内温度45℃～53℃,噪声97～122dB(A).飞行时间3h,于飞行前(6:00 AM)、飞行后即刻(12:00 AM)、8h(8:00 PM)采血.对照组采血日行室内作业(27℃).用比色法测定红细胞膜Na~+-K~+ATP酶、Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)ATP酶活性.结果:实验组日间红细胞膜Na~+-K~+ATP酶活性分别为0.310±0.150、0.552±0.102及0.380±0.138,对照组为0.212±0.086、0.488±0.290及(0.378±0.188)μmol Pi/lmg prot·h.实验组日间Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)ATP酶活性分别为0.270±0.158、0.727±0.187及0.544±0.234,对照组为0.191±0.133、0.540±0.353及(0.274±0.144)μmolPi/mg prot·h).结论:实验组和对照组的Na~+-K~+ATP酶及Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)ATP酶日间(6:00AM,12:00AM,8:00PM)变化曲线基本一致并均在正常范围内;实验组清晨红细胞膜Na~+-K~+ATP酶活性明显高于对照组;实验组飞行后即刻及8hCa~(2+)-Mg~(2+)ATP酶活性明显高于同一时间对照组.长时间高温、噪声刺激可引起ATP的过度消耗,严重时造成红细胞内Ca~(2+)超载,红细胞膜僵硬,甚至红细胞凋亡.
Objective: To investigate the effects of flight in high temperature and noise environment on the activity of erythrocyte membrane ATPase in pilots.METHODS: Twenty-four pilots were experimental group and 21 normal ground crew members were control group ℃, the noise was 97 ~ 122dB (A), the flight time was 3h, blood samples were collected before flight (6:00 AM), immediately after flight (12:00 AM), 8h (8:00 PM) (27 ℃) .The activities of Na ~ + -K ~ + ATPase and Ca ~ (2 +) - Mg ~ (2+) ATPase of erythrocyte membrane were measured by colorimetric method.Results: The activities of -K ~ + ATPase were 0.310 ± 0.150, 0.552 ± 0.102 and 0.380 ± 0.138 respectively in the control group and 0.212 ± 0.086, 0.488 ± 0.290 and 0.378 ± 0.188 μmol / The activities of ~ (2 +) - Mg 2+ ATPase were 0.270 ± 0.158, 0.727 ± 0.187 and 0.544 ± 0.234, respectively, and the control group were 0.191 ± 0.133, 0.540 ± 0.353 and 0.274 ± 0.144 μmolPi / mg prot · h) .Conclusion: The Na ~ + -K ~ + ATPase and Ca ~ (2 +) - Mg ~ (2+) ATPase in the experimental group and the control group were significantly lower than the control group at 6:00 AM, ) Curves were basically the same and were within the normal range; the activity of Na ~ + -K ~ + ATPase in erythrocyte membrane in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group; The activity of Ca ~ (2 +) - Mg ~ (2+) ATPase in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 8 h after flight.It could cause excessive consumption of ATP in long time high temperature and noise stimulation, (2+) overload, erythrocyte membrane stiffness, and even red blood cell apoptosis.