词汇学习是学习外语的一个重要内容,把握一个词的意义、了解它的用法的最便捷的办法就是查词典。在词典里,一个多义词的意义是分列为若干个项目进行说明的,这就是“义项”。例如“会”一词,《现代日汉大词典》(中国商务印书馆·日本小学馆)(以下简称《现代日汉》)就列有三个义项。一般说来对于同一个词,义项越多的词典,它的意义收录得就越详尽。但是,义项划分的粗与细、多与少,可能体现了编者的不同见解和意图,因而是各有千秋、见仁见智的。同是“会”一词,《新明解国语辞典》(三省堂、第四版)(以下简称《新明解》)、《日本语基本动词用法辞典》(大 Vocabulary learning is an important part of learning a foreign language. The easiest way to grasp the meaning of a word and understand its usage is to look up the dictionary. In the dictionary, the meaning of a polysemous word is subdivided into a number of items to illustrate, which is “meaning item.” For example, the word “will”, “Modern Japanese-Chinese Dictionary” (Chinese Commercial Press · Japan Shogakukan) (hereinafter referred to as “modern Japanese Han”) listed on three senses. In general, for the same word, the dictionary of more meaning, the more detailed it contains the meaning. However, the division of meaning between the coarse and the fine, more and less, may reflect the different views and intentions of the editors, so they have their strengths and weaknesses, different opinions. The same is the word “will”, “new interpretation of the national dictionary” (three provinces, the fourth edition) (hereinafter referred to as “new solution”), “Japanese basic verb usage dictionary” (large