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目的 :观察音乐疗法配合床上呼吸操训练对腰椎内固定围手术期患者焦虑及疼痛的影响。方法 :纳入100例腰椎内固定手术患者,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上增加音乐疗法并配合床上呼吸操训练。记录2组不同时段汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分及不适症状发生情况。结果:术后6 h及术后1、2、3天,2组HAMA评分均较术前1天降低(P<0.05);观察组术后6 h及术后1、2天的HAMA评分均低于对照组同期(P<0.05);2组术后第3天的HAMA评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组术后6 h、术后1天及观察组术后6 h的VAS评分均较术前升高(P<0.05);2组术后2天及术后3天的VAS评分均低于术前1天(P<0.05);术后6 h及术后1、2、3天,观察组的VAS评分均低于对照组同期(P<0.05)。术后3天,观察组恶心呕吐、腹胀、失眠及眩晕的发生率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:音乐疗法配合床上呼吸操训练能有效减轻腰椎内固定术患者的焦虑,减轻疼痛,缓解术后的各种不适。
Objective: To observe the effect of music therapy combined with bed breathing exercises training on anxiety and pain in perioperative patients with lumbar vertebral fixation. Methods: One hundred patients with lumbar vertebral fixation were enrolled. The patients were divided into observation group and control group by random number table. The control group was given routine nursing, and the observation group added music therapy and bed breathing exercises training on the basis of routine nursing. The HAMA score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score and the occurrence of discomfort were recorded in 2 groups at different time points. Results: The HAMA score of both groups decreased 6 h after operation and 1, 2 and 3 days after operation (P <0.05), and the HAMA scores at 6 h and 1 and 2 days after operation in the observation group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in HAMA score between the two groups on the third day after operation (P> 0.05). The VAS scores of control group at 6 hours after operation, 1 day after operation and 6 hours after operation were significantly higher than those before operation (P <0.05). The VAS scores at 2 days and 3 days after operation in both groups were lower than The VAS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group at 6 h and 1, 2 and 3 days after operation (P <0.05). The incidence of nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, insomnia and dizziness in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group on the 3 days after operation (P <0.01). Conclusion: Music therapy combined with bed breathing exercises can effectively relieve the anxiety of patients with lumbar spine fixation, relieve pain and relieve postoperative discomfort.