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本文首先对化学热力学中,计算独立反应数的常用方法及其产生的偏差,进行了初步论述和分析。为克服其偏差,提出了利用矩阵秩数理论来计算独立反应数的方法——“矩阵秩数法”。这是一种准确而方便的方法。应用此法不仅能求得化学反应的独立反应数,而且能方便地确定化学反应的独立反应及反应间的线性相关式。但是必须指出,这种判断只是根据数学法则推导而来。只确定化学反应体系中独立反应数,而究竟那几个反应式是独立反应式,必须根据化学反应的实践来决定,否则随便取几个为独立反应式进行热力学计算,其结果会导致错误的结论。
In this paper, the common methods of calculating the number of independent reactions and their deviations in chemical thermodynamics are first discussed and analyzed. In order to overcome its deviation, a method of calculating the number of independent reactions using the matrix rank theory is proposed - “matrix rank number method”. This is an accurate and convenient way. The method can not only find the number of independent reactions of chemical reactions, but also can easily determine the independent reactions of chemical reactions and the linear correlation between the reactions. However, it must be pointed out that this judgment is based on mathematical laws. Only to determine the number of independent reactions in the chemical reaction system, and after all, those reactions are independent reaction type, must be based on the practice of chemical reaction to decide, or just take a few as independent reaction thermodynamic calculations, the result will lead to errors in conclusion.