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20世纪70年代西方翻译研究中译语文化的转向,打破了传统翻译研究的文本中心论,使译者更多地关注译文和读者,更多地关注译文的社会效应和交际功能。德国的功能派便是其中一支,它摆脱了对等翻译理论的束缚,明确提出仅靠语言学是不能解决翻译问题的,从而拓宽了翻译理论研究领域,丰富了翻译的涵义。功能学派的主要代表人物有:凯瑟琳娜·莱斯(Katharina Reiss)——文本类型理论、汉斯·费米尔(Hans Vermeer)——目的论、克里斯蒂娜·诺德-功能加忠诚。
The shift of target language culture in western translation studies in the 1970s broke the textual centrism of traditional translation studies and allowed translators to pay more attention to translations and readership and pay more attention to the social effects and communicative functions of translations. It is one of the functional factions in Germany. It got rid of the shackles of equivalence translation theory and made it clear that linguistics alone can not solve the translation problem, thus broadening the field of translation theory and enriching the meaning of translation. The main representatives of the functionalist school are: Katharina Reiss - text type theory, Hans Vermeer - teleology, Christine Nord - function plus loyalty.