骨整合牙种植体近年来在口腔义齿修复、颌面整形、正畸等各领域显示出良好的应用前景，然而种植失败的问题在很大程度上制约其推广应用。失败种植体软、硬组织的病理改变统称为“种植体周炎”。关于其发病原因，除已公认的力学创伤因素外，口腔微生物致病学说的提出日渐受到关注。局部及全身抗菌素治疗可使种植体周炎症状缓解甚至治愈。 Osteointegration dental implants have shown good application prospects in various fields such as dental prosthesis restoration, maxillofacial surgery and orthodontics in recent years. However, the problem of implant failure has largely restricted its popularization and application. Pathological changes of soft and hard tissue of implants are collectively referred to as “peri-implantitis.” On the causes of its occurrence, in addition to the already recognized mechanical trauma factors, the theory of oral microbial pathogenesis has drawn increasing attention. Local and systemic antibiotic treatment can make the perioperative inflammation alleviate or even cure.