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流域脆弱性评价中,如何有效结合自然及社会等多方面因素开展较大区域尺度评价是目前研究的难点之一,特别是结合灾变山地环境影响,开展小流域脆弱性评价,对于山区流域防灾减灾及可持续发展具有积极的指导意义。采用栅格单元与小流域单元相结合的评价方法,综合自然与社会因素,并引入活跃灾害事件对小流域脆弱性的影响,从灾害危险度与社会易损性角度构建评价体系,应用3S技术,选取彭州龙门山区开展典型案例研究,开展灾变山地环境影响下的小流域脆弱性评价。最终将研究区小流域脆弱性划分为轻度、中度、高度及重度4个等级,各级含小流域个数分别为12、21、27及17个,相应面积占整个研究区面积的比例分别为11.53%,38.63%,40.46%及9.38%。针对区域内重大灾害事件,对评价结果进行验证表明,综合自然和社会因素,并引入灾害事件构建评价体系,并以栅格与小流域单元相结合的评价方法,对灾变山地环境下较大区域尺度流域脆弱性评价具有可行性,可为区域尺度小流域脆弱性评价研究提供一定参考。
In the assessment of basin vulnerability, how to carry out a large regional scale evaluation in combination with many factors, such as nature and society, is one of the most difficult problems to be studied at present. Especially in combination with the impact of catastrophic mountainous environment, vulnerability assessment in small watersheds is carried out. Disaster reduction and sustainable development have positive guiding significance. By combining the evaluation methods of grid unit and small watershed unit, combining the natural and social factors and introducing the impact of active disaster events on the vulnerability of small watershed, an evaluation system is constructed from the perspectives of disaster risk and social vulnerability. The 3S technology , Select Longmen mountainous area of Pengzhou to carry out a typical case study to carry out the assessment of vulnerability of small watershed under the impact of catastrophic mountainous environment. Finally, the vulnerability of small watersheds in the study area is divided into four levels of mild, moderate, high and severe. The numbers of small watersheds at all levels are 12, 21, 27 and 17, respectively. The proportion of the corresponding area to the total area of the study area Respectively 11.53%, 38.63%, 40.46% and 9.38%. Aiming at the major disasters in the region, the verification of the evaluation results shows that, combining the natural and social factors and introducing the evaluation system of disaster events construction, and combining the evaluation method of grid and small watershed units, Scale watershed vulnerability assessment is feasible, which can provide some reference for the study of vulnerability assessment of watershed scale.