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在把一种语言文本向另一种语言文本转换时,典籍英译追求译文语义上的合理性具有第一位的重要性。但是阿瑟·韦利翻译《道德经》时,却在这上面犯了很大的错误。我们不难发现他头脑中所固有的那些预设文化以及《道德经》中所固有的本土文化已经影响了他对中国诗歌的理解,造成了他对其中一些语句的理解错误进而走进了误译的歧路。他犯的错给我们的启示是:为了尽可能减少误译的机会,译者有必要对自己头脑中的文化预设与各种“先结构”以及源文本的本土文化(我们也可称其为文本本土文化预设)和其“先结构”保持充分的意识。
When translating one language text into another, the importance of translating the classic English texts into the semantic rationality of the translation is of primary importance. But when Arthur Welly translated the Taoist Scriptures, he made a big mistake on it. It is not hard for us to find out that the preconceived cultures inherent in his mind and the indigenous cultures inherent in the Tao Te Ching have influenced his understanding of Chinese poetry and caused his misunderstanding of some of these sentences to go wrong Translation of the wrong path. His insinuations to us are: In order to minimize the chance of mistranslation, it is necessary for the translator to have a clear idea of the cultural presuppositions in his mind and the native culture of the source text (we may as well Call it a text native culture presupposition) and its “first structure” to maintain full awareness.