19世纪中叶,南方叛乱频发,地方士绅领导团练同“堂”等低级叛乱者进行对抗,江忠源率团练抵挡雷再浩的新宁叛乱即是地方势力对抗的一例。在这一大背景,从地方区域的角度进行观察,则可发现以新宁叛乱为代表的南方叛乱是正统与异端两种地方势力的对抗。 In the middle of the 19th century, there were frequent rebellions in the south. Local leaders of the gentry fought against low-level insurgents such as “Tang” and Jiang Zhongyuan led the regiment to resist Renai’s rebellion. That is an example of the confrontation of local forces. On this background, observing from the perspective of the local region, we can find that the southern rebel represented by the Xin’ning insurgency is the confrontation between the orthodox and the heterodox local forces.