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目的了解随州市中小学生传染病、常见病患病情况,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法随机抽取该市中小学校学生进行健康检查,依据《学校卫生情况年报表填报说明及技术规范》操作和评价。结果HBsAg阳性、肺结核、沙眼、视力不良、营养不良、超重、肥胖、龋齿和白发患病率分别占7.55%、0.16%、56.15%、85.31%、30.12%、4.85%、2.87%、16.59%和5.64%。沙眼、视力低下、龋齿均为女生高于男生,经比较,分别为χ2=36.30,P>0.01;χ2=51.43,P<0.01;χ2=27.29,P<0.01。肥胖和白发均为男生高于女生,分别为χ2=8.48,P<0.01;χ2=33.54,P<0.01。结论强化学生健康意识,加强相关传染病、常见病、多发病的健康教育,提高自我保健能力是预防和控制中小学生常见病的重要措施。
Objective To understand the prevalence of infectious diseases and common diseases among primary and secondary students in Suizhou and to provide scientific evidence for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods The students of primary and middle schools in the city were randomly selected for health examination. The operation and evaluation were based on the “Instructions and Technical Specifications for Annual Report Form of School Health”. Results The prevalence rates of HBsAg positive, tuberculosis, trachoma, poor eyesight, malnutrition, overweight, obesity, dental caries and white hair accounted for 7.55%, 0.16%, 56.15%, 85.31%, 30.12%, 4.85%, 2.87%, 16.59% And 5.64%. Trachoma, low vision, dental caries were higher than boys, respectively, compared to boys, respectively, χ2 = 36.30, P> 0.01; χ2 = 51.43, P <0.01; χ2 = 27.29, P <0.01. Fat and white hair were higher in boys than girls, respectively χ2 = 8.48, P <0.01; χ2 = 33.54, P <0.01. Conclusion It is an important measure to prevent and control common diseases of primary and middle school students by strengthening students’ health awareness, strengthening related health education of infectious diseases, common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases and improving self-care ability.