MicroRNA是一组小分子单链RNA,其在转录后水平参与基因表达调控.近年来,microRNA在心血管疾病中的研究日益丰富,对其认识也日趋完善.在心肌纤维化方面,microRNA通过不同机制调控疾病的发生发展,并可作为疾病预测的指标,还有望成为心肌纤维化治疗新的靶点.“,”MicroRNAs are a group of small,single-stranded RNAs that are involved in the regulation of gene expression at the post -transcriptional level.In recent years,the research on microRNAs in cardiovascular diseases has become increasingly extensive ,with improved understanding and knowledge.Regarding their role in myocardial fibrosis ,microRNAs regulate the occurrence and development of diseases through different mechanisms and can serve as an index of disease prediction.They are also expected to become new therapeutic targets of myocardial fibrosis.