山药又名长山药,为薯蓣科植物薯蓣,是药、菜兼用植物。我省许多地方生产山药,太谷、祁县、平遥等地的“太谷山药”,耐涝性强,产量较高。河南新乡地区的“怀山药”,产量稍低,但品质较好。山药是多年生缠绕草本植物,茎长可达2—3米,根直立,最长可达1米。因此栽培山药要选择土层深厚、疏松、肥沃的砂壤土。一、繁殖方法1.选种:选择珠芽和龙头做繁殖材料。珠芽生长在叶腋间,俗称零余子,用来培养龙头,每年10月下旬,在茎叶枯黄前收摘珠芽,选择大而圆、无损伤、无病虫害者,放在屋内或窖里,用干砂堆藏,以备来年种植。冬 Yam, also known as long yam, for the Dioscorea yam, is medicine, food and plants. In many parts of our province, yogurt, Taigu, Qixian, Pingyao and other places, “Taigu yam”, waterlogging is strong, high yield. Xinxiang, Henan Province, “Huai yam”, slightly lower yield, but better quality. Yam is a perennial wound herb, stem length up to 2-3 meters, the root upright, up to 1 meter. Therefore, cultivation of yam to choose deep, loose, fertile sandy loam. First, the breeding methods 1. Selection: Select pearl buds and faucets do breeding material. Pearl buds grow in the leaf axillary, commonly known as Yuzi, used to train the faucet every year in late October, before the stems and leaves were yellow pick pearl buds, choose large and round, no damage, no pests, on the house or cellar, with dry sand Heaping for future planting. winter