background It’s established that Angiotensin Ⅱ and its receptors are involved in intimal hyperplasia after balloon injury and stent restenosis. Recent evidence also suggests that statins have some anti-intimal hyperplasia effects. In this study, the effect of Rosuvastatin on expression of angiotensin Ⅱ receptors in rat aortic endothelium after balloon injury is therefore investigated. Methods All 52 Wistar Kyoto rats were established to aorta injury models by 2F balloon catheter, then were randomly divided into sham operation group, aorta injury group and Rosuvastatin-treatment group. After 14 days, the aortic specimens of the animals were harvested and performed immunohistochemistry and determination of molecular biology. Results The results showed that (i) The 14 days-balloon injury induced obvious intima thickening (P < 0.01), however, the phenomenon was reduced by 14 days- treatment with Rosuvastatin (P < 0.01). (ii) The expressions of angiotentionⅡ type Ⅰ (AT1) and typeⅡ(AT2) receptor mRNA and protein were markedly up-regulated by the balloon injury (P < 0.01), after 14 days-treatment with Rosuvastatin, the expression of AT1 receptor mRNA and its protein was decreased (P < 0.01), but the expression of AT2 receptor mRNA and its protein was further increased (P < 0.05). Conclusion In this study, we observed that the balloon injury induced-intima thickening was reduced by Rosuvastatin in rats, which might be linked with the regulation of expression of angiotensin Ⅱ receptors. background It’s established that Angiotensin II and its receptors are involved in intimal hyperplasia after balloon injury and stent restenosis. Recent evidence also suggests that statins have some anti-intimal hyperplasia effects. In this study, the effect of Rosuvastatin on expression of angiotensin II receptors in Methods All 52 Wistar Kyoto rats were established to aorta injury models by 2F balloon catheter, then were randomly divided into sham operation group, aorta injury group and Rosuvastatin-treatment group. After 14 days, the aortic specimens of the animals were harvested and performed immunohistochemistry and determination of molecular biology. Results The results showed that (i) The 14 days-balloon injury induced significantly intima thickening (P <0.01), however, the phenomenon was reduced by 14 days- treatment with Rosuvastatin (P <0.01). (ii) The expressions of angiotention Ⅱ type Ⅰ (AT1) and type Ⅱ (AT2) receptor mRNA and protein were markedly up-regulated by the balloon injury (P <0.01), after 14 days-treatment with Rosuvastatin, the expression of AT1 receptor mRNA and its protein was decreased of the AT2 receptor mRNA and its protein was further increased (P <0.05). Conclusion In this study, we observed that the balloon injury induced-intima thickening was reduced by Rosuvastatin in rats, which might be linked with the regulation of expression of angiotensin II receptors.