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利用由不同地点采集的土壤样品布置了 9次土培试验 ,对 4 37份不同小麦品种在不同有效磷含量土壤中的磷营养特性表现进行了较全面的鉴定。发现 ,施磷处理和减磷处理土壤有效磷含量的差距即选择压力是土培试验鉴定成败的关键因素。施磷处理的土壤有效磷含量为 2 4 mg/ kg左右 ,减磷处理的土壤有效磷含量为 8mg/ kg左右是利用土培试验进行“磷高效”小麦种质资源筛选的合适选择压力。在选择压力过大或过小时 ,小麦耐低磷基因均得不到充分表达 ,磷高效和磷低效品种间差异很小 ,难于进行有效选择。研究还表明 ,土培试验苗期表现可以作为小麦种质资源耐低磷特性筛选的早期选择指标 ,快速、有效地对大量小麦种质资源进行筛选和鉴定
Nine soil samples were collected from soil samples collected from different locations. The phosphorus nutrition characteristics of 47 different wheat cultivars in different available P contents were comprehensively identified. It was found that the difference between the phosphorus application and the available P content in P treatment was the key factor for the success or failure of soil culture test. Phosphorus treatment of soil available phosphorus content of about 2 4 mg / kg, phosphorus reduction treatment of soil available phosphorus content of about 8mg / kg is the use of soil culture experiments for “phosphorus efficient” wheat germplasm screening appropriate choice pressure. When the selection pressure is too large or too small, the genes of wheat resistant to low-level phosphorus are not fully expressed. There is little difference between high-efficient and low-phosphorus cultivars, and it is difficult to make effective selection. The study also showed that the seedling stage of soil culture can be used as an early selection indicator of screening characteristics of wheat low-phosphorus tolerance germplasm resources, rapid and effective selection and identification of a large number of wheat germplasm resources