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采用田间试验与测试分析相结合的方法,分别在宁夏固原、盐池等地设置了食用葵和油用葵干物质测定试验,研究了在施肥与不施肥条件下向日葵不同生育期干物质积累特点。结果表明:食用葵和油用葵在施肥与不施肥情况下,向日葵干物质积累量随生长发育均呈“S”型趋势,这一趋势可用Logistic方程模拟;且油用葵和食用葵的干物质累积比例在苗期均为叶片>茎秆>根,现蕾期为茎秆>叶片>根>花盘,开花期为茎秆>叶片>花盘>根,成熟期为茎秆>籽实>花盘>叶片>根,且干物质含量随生育期延长呈增加态势;合理施肥能明显增加向日葵干物质积累量,食用葵施肥处理干物质总累积量较不施肥处理增加53.70%,油用葵施肥处理干物质总累积量较不施肥处理增加59.18%;食用葵干物质总累积量与油用葵相比,差异不显著。
The combination of field test and test analysis were used to determine the dry matter content of edible sunflower and oil in Guyuan, Yanchi, Ningxia, respectively. The dry matter accumulation characteristics of sunflower at different growth stages were studied under fertilization and non-fertilization conditions. The results showed that under the condition of fertilization and no fertilization, the dry matter accumulation of sunflower and sunflower was both “S” trend with the growth and development, this trend can be simulated by Logistic equation; and the oil sunflower and edible sunflower The dry matter accumulation rate in the seedling stage was leaf> stem> root, the budding stage was stem> leaf> root> faceplate, and the flowering stage was stem> leaf> faceplate> The results showed that the dry matter content of sunflower was increased by 53.70% compared with that of non-fertilization treatment, and the content of dry matter increased with growing period. The total dry matter accumulation increased by 59.18% compared with no fertilization treatment. The total cumulated amount of dry matter of edible sunflower oil was not significantly different from that of oil sunflower.