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应收款转让融资在国际贸易中长期得不到发展,不仅在于各国调整受让人与第三人之间关系的优先权规则的极不统一,还在于包括我国在内的多数国家的国内法优先权规则本身已不能满足实践的需要。2001年12月联合国大会通过的《国际贸易应收款转让公约》创造性地运用实体规范和冲突规范相结合的方法,首次在国际层面规定了应收款转让中的优先权规则,兼具有统一、改革和示范的作用,势必对国际贸易应收款融资的发展产生深远的影响。文章综合运用历史研究方法、比较研究方法和价值分析方法,在简要介绍国际贸易应收款转让特点的基础上,分析了优先权规则形成的背景,继而分别阐述了公约中优先权实体规范和冲突规范的理论基础和运作机制,指出公示性和可预见性是公约优先权规则的两项基本原则,其不仅提供了确立受让人和第三人权利次序的标准,更重要的是有助于从根本上预防权利冲突的发生。据此,文章提出完善我国优先权规则的建议,认为我国应当确立“以转让登记时间为准”的优先权实体规范和“转让对第三人的效力适用转让人住所地法”的优先权冲突规范。
The development of receivables transfer financing has not been able to develop for a long time in international trade, not only because of the extremely inaccurate rules governing the priority rules governing the relations between the assignees and the third parties, but also from the domestic laws of most countries, including our own The priority rule itself can not meet the needs of practice. In December 2001, the UN Convention on Assignment of Receivables in International Trade, adopted by the UN General Assembly, creatively used a combination of substantive and conflict rules to define, for the first time, the priority rules in the assignment of receivables at the international level. , The role of reform and demonstration is bound to have a profound impact on the development of receivables financing in international trade. Based on the brief introduction of the features of the assignment of receivables in international trade, this article analyzes the background of the formation of priority rules by using historical research methods, comparative research methods and value analysis methods, and then elaborates on the conventions and conflicts of priority entities in the conventions Normative theoretical basis and operational mechanism, noting that publicity and predictability are two basic principles of the priority rules of the convention that provide not only the criteria for establishing the order of the rights of the assignees and third parties but, more importantly, Fundamentally prevent the occurrence of conflict of rights. Accordingly, the article puts forward the suggestion of perfecting the priority rules of our country, believing that our country should establish the “priority of the transfer of the transfer of residence time” and " Priority Conflict Rules.