当代绝大多数的资本主义国家,一般都实行三权分立制度。它是按照分权和制衡的原则组织国家机关、行使国家权力的一种制度。按照分权的原则,国家的权力分为立法,行政、司法三部分。这三种权力互相独立,由不同的国家机关分别行使。由议会行使立法权,总统或内阁行使行政权,法院行使司法权。按照制衡的原则,要使上述三种权力既互相独立,又互相牵制、互相监督、互相协调。三权分立制度经历了一个长期的发展过程。目前,资本主义国家实行三权分立制度,大致有三种情况,或者说有三种模式: 一种是美国的分权模式,美国宪法规定:立法权属于国会,但总统对国会的立法有批准权和搁置否决权,国会也可以三分之二多数推 Most modern capitalist countries generally implement the system of separation of powers. It is a system of organizing state organs and exercising state power in accordance with the principle of decentralization and checks and balances. According to the principle of decentralization, the power of the state is divided into three parts: legislative, administrative and judicial. These three powers are independent from each other and are exercised separately by different state organs. Legislature is exercised by the Parliament, the President or Cabinet exercises executive power, and the courts exercise judicial power. In accordance with the principle of checks and balances, we should make the above three powers independent of each other and contain and supervise each other and coordinate with each other. The separation of powers system has undergone a long-term development process. At present, there are basically three situations or three modes in the capitalist countries that implement the system of separation of powers: one is the decentralization model in the United States, and the United States Constitution stipulates that the legislative power belongs to the National Assembly but that the president has the power to approve the legislation of the National Assembly. With the veto right, Congress can also push by a two-thirds majority