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应用植物解剖学、组织化学定位及植物化学技术,研究了远志根不同发育时期的结构特征与远志皂苷积累的关系。结果表明:皂苷分布在远志根的薄壁组织细胞中,次生韧皮部是皂苷积累的主要场所。以远志皂苷元为评价指标来分析远志皂苷的积累动态,显示在4~10月的不同发育时期,4个不同生长年份根中远志皂苷元百分含量具有相同的变化趋势,并且均表现为:1年生根>2年生根>3年生根>4年生根,表明远志皂苷在幼嫩的植株根中含量高;从年平均增长率来看,根的长度、直径、次生韧皮部的厚度及根干重的增长均在药材种植第2~3年增加最快。兼顾药材产量和质量,应该在远志种植第三年的果后期进行采收比较适宜。
Using plant anatomy, histochemical localization and phytochemical techniques, the relationship between the structural characteristics of Polygonatum at different developmental stages and the accumulation of Polygala tenuifolia was studied. The results showed that saponins were distributed in the parenchyma cells of Polygalaceae and the secondary phloem was the main site of saponin accumulation. To Polygala root saponin as the evaluation index to analyze the accumulation of Polygalaceae Polygalaceae dynamics, showed that in the 4 to October of different developmental stages, 4 different growth years Gentiana sapogenin percentage share the same trend, and were as follows: 1 year root> 2 years root> 3 years root> 4 years root, indicating that Polygalaceae Polygala tenuifolia in young plant root content is high; from the annual average growth rate, root length, diameter, secondary phloem thickness and root Dry weight growth in the first 2 to 3 years of medicinal herbs increased the fastest. Taking into account the yield and quality of medicinal materials, it is appropriate to harvest the fruit in the third year of Polygala planting.