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植物篱是一项具有改良土壤、保持水土、增加土壤肥力和控制面源污染等生态效益的复合农林技术。遵循层次分析法原理,从改良土壤、保持水土、增加土壤肥力和控制面源污染等方面建立了长江三峡库区坡耕地植物篱系统生态效益评价指标体系,应用熵值法与专家评分法计算评价指标权重,并结合层次分析法对不同类型和不同种类植物篱的土壤改良效益、水土保持效益、土壤养分增加效益和面源污染控制效益及综合生态效益进行了分析评价。结果表明:不同类型植物篱综合生态效益以灌木类植物篱最大,草本类植物篱综合生态效益最小,并且灌木类植物篱的土壤改良效益、水土保持效益、增加土壤养分效益和控制面源污染效益均最大;不同种类的植物篱中,黄荆+臭椿植物篱的综合生态效益最大,而毛豆类植物篱具有较高的增加土壤养分的生态效益,紫背天葵+旱菜植物篱控制面源污染的生态效益最大。
Hedgerows are a composite agroforestry technology that has the ecological benefits of improving soil, conserving soil and water, increasing soil fertility, and controlling non-point source pollution. Following the principle of analytic hierarchy process, this paper established an index system of ecological benefit of hedgerow system on sloping farmland in the Three Gorges Reservoir area from improving soil, maintaining soil and water, increasing soil fertility and controlling non-point source pollution. The entropy method and expert scoring method were used to evaluate Index weight, and combined with analytic hierarchy process to analyze and evaluate soil improvement benefits, soil and water conservation benefits, soil nutrient increase benefits, non-point source pollution control benefits and comprehensive ecological benefits of different types and types of hedgerows. The results showed that the comprehensive ecological benefits of different types of hedgerows were the largest in hedgerows of shrubs and the lowest in the overall ecological benefits of hedgerows. The soil improvement benefits, soil and water conservation benefits, soil nutrient benefits and non-point source pollution benefits of shrubs The highest ecological efficiency of the hedgerows of Huang Jing + Ailanthus altissima was observed in different types of hedgerows, but the furrow hedgerows had the highest ecological benefit of increasing soil nutrients. The ecological benefits of pollution is greatest.