戊型肝炎病毒(hepatitis E Virus,HEV)为直径27~34nm、球型且无包膜的单股正链RNA病毒[1]。HEV基因组全长约7.2×103 bp,包含3个开放读码框(open reading frame,ORF 1~3),分别编码不同的蛋白,在病毒入侵、组装与释放等过程中起重要作用[2]。HEV主要经粪-口途径传播,也有报道经血液或母婴垂直传播[3-5]。核酸序列分析表明,HEV至少可分为4个基因型,基因1型和2型只感染人,基因3型和4型为人畜共患病原体,既能感染人,也能感染猪、兔及鹿等多种 Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a globular, uncoated single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus with a diameter of 27-34 nm [1]. The genome of HEV is about 7.2 × 103 bp in length and contains 3 open reading frames (ORFs 1 ~ 3) encoding different proteins respectively, which play an important role in virus invasion, assembly and release [2] . HEV is mainly transmitted by the fecal - oral route, there are also reports of vertical transmission of blood or mother to child [3-5]. Nucleic acid sequence analysis showed that HEV can be divided into at least four genotypes, genotypes 1 and 2 are only infected, genotypes 3 and 4 are zoonotic pathogens, which can infect people as well as pigs, rabbits and deer And so on