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目的了解和比较北京市禽类职业暴露人员与普通居民预防控制(防控)人感染H7N9禽流感的能力,以及健康教育需求现状。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,确定北京市21 703名13岁以上居民为调查对象。通过问卷与访谈相结合方式获取信息资料,采用自行设计的调查问卷进行调查,问卷主要包括一般情况、知识、态度、行为以及健康教育需求。结果北京市禽类职业暴露人员对于禽流感疫情现状的正确认知率、防控相关知识的正确认知率、行为改变率以及疫情关注比例低于普通居民,而持有中等程度紧张人数比例略高于普通居民。职业暴露人群健康教育需求前5位的是疫情动态(69.2%)、个人预防措施(61.6%)、政府防控举措(58.4%)、传播途径(54.0%)和主要症状(38.6%),略不同于普通居民。不同工种的职业暴露人员的健康教育需求不同。结论禽类职业暴露人员禽流感能力相对薄弱,建议根据不同人群特点和健康教育需求,有的放矢地地开展健康教育工作。
Objective To understand and compare the ability of poultry workers in Beijing to prevent and control human infection of H7N9 bird flu, as well as the status quo of health education needs. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to identify 21 703 residents over the age of 13 in Beijing as subjects. Access to information through a combination of questionnaires and interviews, the use of self-designed questionnaire survey, the questionnaire includes the general situation, knowledge, attitude, behavior and health education needs. Results The correct cognition rate, the correct cognition rate, behavioral change rate and the epidemic situation of occupational exposure to bird flu in Beijing were lower than those of ordinary residents, while the proportion of middle-level tensions was slightly higher For ordinary residents. The top 5 health education needs for occupationally exposed people were epidemic dynamics (69.2%), personal preventive measures (61.6%), government prevention and control measures (58.4%), transmission routes (54.0%) and major symptoms (38.6% Different from ordinary people. Different types of occupational exposure to health education needs of different personnel. Conclusion The bird flu capacity of poultry occupational personnel is relatively weak. It is suggested that health education should be carried out in a targeted manner according to the characteristics of different people and the demand of health education.