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对煤和瓦斯突出的防治问题主要是解决突出危险性预测方法和突出预防措施的制定和普遍应用。但是,煤层中的突出危险带是局部的,其面积只占有突出危险煤层面积的5～7％。因此,防突措施只有在有突出危险的地带使用才是合理的。实际上,不论是局部防突出预测方法,还是在整个有突出危险煤层内使用的区域性防突措施,都导致浪费大量人力物力,并且,严重影响煤层开采的技术经济指标。 对煤和瓦斯突出的性质和机理的研究,对在有突出危险煤中进行采掘工作试验的分析表明,预测方法和防突措施的制定及使用并不是解决防突问题的唯一途径,也不是最佳的途径。经对煤层的应力一变形和瓦斯动力状态的研究确定,在工作面附近地带,存在着一个因其矿压大小和特征发生改变面形成的瓦斯卸压和排放带。在该带范围内采煤不会诱发突出,因为,当此处的岩体平衡状态因采煤而破坏时,不能满足发生突出所必需的动力条件,即
The prevention and control of coal and gas outburst are mainly to formulate and popularize the methods of predicting the prominent danger and highlighting the preventive measures. However, the prominent danger zone in the coal seam is local and its area occupies only 5-7% of the area of the coal seam with prominent danger. Therefore, it is reasonable that outbreak prevention measures are used only in areas that have prominent dangers. In fact, both the local anti-outburst forecasting method and the regional outburst prevention measures used throughout the coal seam with the most dangerous coal are wasting a lot of manpower and material resources and seriously affecting the technical and economic indicators of coal seam mining. The research on the nature and mechanism of coal and gas outburst and the test of extractive work in coal with prominent danger shows that the formulation and use of prediction methods and outburst prevention measures are not the only way to solve the outbreak prevention problem and are not the most Good way. Through the study of stress and deformation of coal seam and gas dynamic state, there is a gas pressure relief and discharge zone formed in the vicinity of working face due to the change of rock mass’s size and characteristics. Coal mining within this zone does not induce prominence because when the rock mass balance here is destroyed by coal mining it fails to meet the dynamic conditions necessary for prominence