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目的了解沈阳市青少年伤害发生现状及影响因素,为制定有效伤害预防措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,在沈阳市于洪区抽取3 477名初中和高中学生进行调查,分析伤害发生情况及影响因素。结果过去1 a共有1 051名中学生发生伤害行为,报告率为30.2%。扭伤(18.6%)、跌落伤(12.0%)和切割伤(8.6%)是中学生伤害发生的最常见类型。伤害检出率男生(34.3%)高于女生(26.8%),初中生(36.2%)高于高中生(25.3%),差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为22.958,48.386,P值均<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,初中生、男生、躯体亚健康、心理亚健康以及睡眠障碍是中学生伤害发生的危险因素(OR值分别为1.428,1.981,1.501,1.436,1.461,P值均<0.01)。结论中学生是伤害发生的高危人群,应针对伤害发生的危险因素采取相应的干预措施。
Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of adolescent injuries in Shenyang and to provide evidences for effective preventive measures. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate 3 477 middle and high school students in Yuhong District of Shenyang City to investigate the occurrence of injury and its influencing factors. Results In the past 1 year, a total of 1,051 high school students were harmed and reported a rate of 30.2%. Sprains (18.6%), falls (12.0%) and cuts (8.6%) were the most common types of secondary school injuries. The injury detection rate was higher in boys (34.3%) than girls (26.8%), in junior high students (36.2%) than in high school students (25.3%), the differences were statistically significant (χ2 = 22.958,48.386, P = <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school students, boys, body sub-health, mental sub-health and sleep disorders were risk factors of secondary school injury (OR = 1.428,1.981,1.501,1.436,1.461, P <0.01) . Conclusions Middle school students are the high risk groups of injuries. Corresponding intervention measures should be taken according to the risk factors of injuries.