长期以来,人们习惯于把市场经济只看作是一种激烈竞争的经济,甚至是可以为谋私利而尔虞我诈的经济,“商场即战场”成了企业家的口头禅。经济学家也承袭西方经济学的观点,一度简单地宣扬通过市场竞争,优胜劣汰,资源重组,可以达到资源的最优配置。这种观点是有道理的,但不全面,特别是应用到社会主义市场经济更值得认真研究。促使我产生这一看法的,是我国经济改革的实 For a long time, people have been accustomed to seeing the market economy only as a fiercely competitive economy, and even as an economy that can be used for self-interests, “merchants are battlefields” have become the mantra of entrepreneurs. Economists also inherited the views of western economics, once briefly advocating that through market competition, the survival of the fittest and the reorganization of resources can achieve optimal allocation of resources. This view is justified, but it is not comprehensive. It is especially worth applying to the socialist market economy. What prompted me to make this opinion is the reality of China’s economic reforms.