一、简答题1.简述宋元时期大运河沿河中小城市的兴起。答:随着沟通南北东西大运河体系的开通,沿河兴起了一系列大小城市,如宋代首都开封、扬州等。元朝京杭大运河沿岸通州、临清、济宁、淮安、高邮等均是以水运之便而出现的较为繁荣的城市。 A brief answer 1. Brief description of the rise of small and medium cities along the Grand Canal during the Song and Yuan Dynasties. A: With the opening of the Grand Canal System linking East and West, a series of cities along the river have emerged, such as the capital of Song Dynasty in Kaifeng and Yangzhou. The Tongzhou, Linqing, Jining, Huai’an and Gaoyou along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal along the Yuan Dynasty are the more prosperous cities that have emerged as a result of water transport.