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目的调查并分析地下矿山职业危害因素现状及在职业危害防治工作中存在的问题,提出建立职业危害预防控制体系建议。方法于2012年4月7—10日,以安徽省某煤矿企业为例,采用职业卫生现场调查和现场监测相结合的方法。结果该矿山企业的主要职业危害因素为粉尘、噪声、有毒有害气体、不良气象条件。粉尘测试总计采集60个样品,其中49个未超过国家卫生标准,样品合格率81.7%。时间加权平均容许浓度设测试点7个,合格率71.4%。2个作业场所噪声超标,合格率75.0%。结论矿山企业存在诸多危害从业人员健康的职业病危害因素,需要从矿山企业与职业病危害整体层面,建立完善职业危害防控体系。
Objective To investigate and analyze the current status of occupational hazards in underground mines and the problems existing in the prevention and control of occupational hazards, and to put forward suggestions on establishing a system to prevent and control occupational hazards. Methods From April 7 to 10, 2012, taking a coal mine enterprise in Anhui Province as an example, a combination of occupational health field survey and on-site monitoring was adopted. Results The main occupational hazards of the mine enterprises were dust, noise, toxic and harmful gases, and bad weather conditions. Dust test collected a total of 60 samples, of which 49 did not exceed the national health standards, sample pass rate of 81.7%. Time-weighted average allowable concentration test set point 7, the passing rate of 71.4%. 2 places noise excessive, pass rate of 75.0%. Conclusion There are many hazard factors of occupational diseases in mining enterprises that are hazardous to the health of employees. It is necessary to establish and improve the occupational hazard prevention and control system from the overall level of mine enterprises and occupational hazards.