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国立中央研究院是民国时期最大的和最主要的研究机构。1927年4月,李煜瀛提出设立中央研究院的建议。5月,成立了中央研究院筹备处,推蔡元培、李煜瀛、张人杰等人为筹备委员。7月,国民政府公布的中华民国大学院组织条例规定,中央研究院属于大学院。1928年4月,大学院改为教育部,中央研究院直隶于国民政府,定名为“国立中央研究院”,特任蔡元培为院长。6月9日,蔡元培院长在上海召开第一次院务会议,宣布国立中央研究院正式成立。
The National Academies was the largest and most prominent research institute of the Republic of China. In April 1927, Li Yuking proposed the establishment of the Central Research Institute. In May, the Preparatory Office of the Academia Sinica was established and Cai Yuanpei, Li Yuying and Zhang Renjie were among the preparatory committee members. In July, the ROC organization regulations promulgated by the National Government stipulated that the Academia Sinica belongs to the college. In April 1928, the college was renamed the Ministry of Education. The Academia Sinica was renamed as the “National Academies of Central China” under the Kuomintang government, and Cai Yuanpei as dean. On June 9, Dean Cai Yuanpei held the first hospital meeting in Shanghai and announced the formal establishment of the National Academies of Sciences.