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整体是一个相对的概念。按照系统论的观点,世界是以系统形式存在着的有机整体。整体是由各个要素构成的。系统是有层次的,系统内不同层次的子系统都是一个相对的独立的整体。单就课堂教学而言,它也是一个相对独立的整体。一个整体并不是各个要素的机械凑合,而是各要素之间和谐协调地互相联系、互相作用,形成最优化的整体功能。运用整体原理,设计和组织课堂教学,就要求我们必须有明确的整体目标,进行整体结构设计,实行整体调控。下面具体谈谈怎样运用整体原理,设计和组织课堂教学。
The whole is a relative concept. According to the theory of system, the world is an organic whole in the form of system. The whole is composed of various elements. The system is hierarchical, and subsystems at different levels within the system are relatively independent. In terms of classroom teaching alone, it is also a relatively independent whole. A whole is not a mechanical improvisation of all the elements, but the elements of each other harmoniously coordinated with each other and interact with each other to form the optimal overall function. Using the whole principle, designing and organizing classroom teaching requires that we must have a clear overall goal, carry out overall structural design and implement overall regulation and control. The following specific talk about how to use the overall principle of design and organization of classroom teaching.