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过去,在油田上进行水管线水力计算时,是采用中国建筑工业出版社出版的“给水排水设计手册管渠水力计算表”。该书所采用的管线水力坡降的计算公式为:i=λ(l/d)×(v~2)/(2g)(1)式中:i——水力坡降;λ——摩阻系数;d——管线的计算内径,米;v——平均水流速度,米/秒;g——重力加速度,9.81米/秒~2;根据此公式作出的“钢管和铸铁管水力计算表”,如直接用以进行注水管线水力计算,将使计算结果有较大误差,因为注水管实际内径与该表采用的计算内径差别较大。例如 Dg65钢管,该表中 d 为67毫米,而注水管的 d 实际为63毫米。又如 Dg200钢管,该表为199毫米,而注水管的 d 实际为191毫米。以1000i 计算得出的误差列于下表:
In the past, when water pipelines were hydraulically calculated in oil fields, the “Water Supply and Drainage Design Manual Pipe Drainage Hydraulic Calculation Table” published by China Construction Industry Press was used. The calculation formula for pipeline hydraulic gradient used in this book is: i=λ(l/d)×(v~2)/(2g) (1) where: i—hydraulic gradient; λ—frictional resistance Coefficient; d - Calculated internal diameter of the pipeline, m; v - Average flow velocity, m/s; g - Gravity acceleration, 9.81 m/s~2; “Hydraulic calculation table for steel pipes and cast iron pipes” based on this formula If it is used directly for the water injection pipeline hydraulic calculation, the calculation result will have a relatively large error, because the actual diameter of the water injection pipe is different from the calculated inner diameter of the meter. For example, Dg65 steel pipe, in which d is 67mm, and the d of the water injection pipe is actually 63mm. Another example is the Dg200 steel pipe, which is 199 mm, and the d of the water injection pipe is actually 191 mm. The error calculated with 1000i is listed in the following table: