印度全国年径流总量为17.800亿立米,但分布不均。北部的恒河和布拉马普特拉河两大河流,年径流量约占全国的60％,而中部和南部地区则干旱缺水。考虑到2000年灌溉面积将由1983年的7.2亿亩增加一倍多,中部和南部地区将更加缺水。为此联邦政府提出北水南调方案,把北部的余水调到南部缺水地区。北水南调计划,有两个方案: 第一方案是通过开挖引水渠,修建隧洞和利用原河道将恒河水向南调入哥达瓦里河,克里希纳河直至南部的科佛里河。调水干线长达 The total annual runoff in India is 1.78 billion cubic meters, but the distribution is uneven. The two major rivers, the Ganges and Brahmaputra in the north, account for about 60% of the country’s annual runoff, while the central and southern parts are arid and dry. Considering that irrigated area will more than double in 2000 from 72 million mu in 1983, there will be even more water shortage in the central and southern regions. To this end the federal government proposed a North South water transfer program, the northern surplus water transferred to the southern water-scarce regions. There are two plans for the North Water Transfer Project. The first is to divert the Ganges water to the Gudavari River through excavation of diversion channels, construction of tunnels and the use of the original watercourses. The River Krishna up to the southern Corfu River. Water transfer up to the trunk