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在玉米籽粒直收过程中,脱粒滚筒转速与联合收获机的额定喂入量相匹配才能发挥出最佳的作业效果。为了获得不同喂入量时玉米联合收获机最优的滚筒转速范围,设计了一种零部件可更换、结构参数、工作参数均可调的纵轴流玉米脱粒分离装置。并在自主研制的试验台上以脱粒滚筒转速、喂入量为影响因素,以籽粒破碎率、未脱净率为性能指标进行玉米脱粒试验。通过台架试验、回归分析和单变量求解,最终确定了不同喂入量的最优滚筒转速范围:喂入量为8kg/s时,最优的滚筒转速为254r/min~486r/min;喂入量为10kg/s时,最优的滚筒转速为278r/min~466r/min;喂入量为12kg/s时,最优的滚筒转速为313r/min~445r/min。在以上条件下籽粒破碎率均小于5%,未脱净率小于2%,达到了国家相关标准的要求。本文为我国玉米籽粒收获机的设计、喂入量与滚筒转速自适应模型的研究提供了参考。
In the process of corn grain direct harvesting, the rotation speed of the threshing drum is matched with the rated feeding amount of the combined harvester in order to exert the best operation effect. In order to obtain the optimum drum rotation speed range of the corn combine harvester with different feeding amounts, a vertical axial flow corn threshing and separating device was designed which can be replaced by parts, structural parameters and working parameters were adjustable. At the self-developed test bench, the threshing drum speed and feeding amount were the influencing factors. The grain threshing rate and the non-removal rate were used as the performance indicators to test the corn threshing. Through the bench test, the regression analysis and the univariate solution, the optimal roller speed range of different feeding amount was finally determined: the optimal roller speed was 254r / min ~ 486r / min when the feeding amount was 8kg / s; The optimum roller speed is 278r / min ~ 466r / min when the input is 10kg / s; the optimum roller speed is 313r / min ~ 445r / min when the feed rate is 12kg / s. Under the above conditions, the rate of grain crushing is less than 5% and the rate of non-removing is less than 2%, which meets the requirements of relevant national standards. This paper provides a reference for the design of maize grain harvester, feeding amount and drum speed adaptive model.