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基于不同空间尺度即永久标准地的群落学调查与卫星遥感监测相结合研究了长白山亚高山针叶林的结构与动态 .标准地两次调查的间隔为 11年 .结果表明 ,每 10年的死亡率为 7%～ 9% ,进界比率为18%～ 2 0 % .鱼鳞云杉、臭冷杉及岳桦可以在林冠下顺利完成更新 ,而长白落叶松为先锋种 ,只能在林窗或裸地更新 .落叶松为云杉及冷杉提供良好的更新条件 ,从而在维持亚高山森林的稳定性上起着重要作用 .成熟林密度 (10 0 0株·hm-2 左右 )变化不大 .利用美国陆地卫星TM图像分析 1984～ 1997年植被变化表明 ,大规模的风倒等自然干扰很容易检测出来 .从景观尺度上 ,利用TM图像监测植被变化非常有效 .不同反射强度变化的象素数量统计结果表明 ,群落的进展演替与逆向演替同时存在 ,并处于相对平衡状态 .但由于图像分辨率 (30m× 30m)的关系 ,林窗很难同噪声区分开来 .长白山亚高山针叶林带因有大量的落叶松斑块而呈现出镶嵌结构 ,这种镶嵌结构被定义为亚高山植被的顶极状态 .在小尺度上 ,例如面积仅为几公顷的标准地 ,特别是混有落叶松等先锋树种的群落 ,种类组成随时间而变化 ,但是卫星图像分析结果证明 :整体上 ,亚高山植被处于稳定状态 .
The structure and dynamics of the subalpine coniferous forest in Changbai Mountain were studied based on the community surveys of different spatial scales or permanent standards and satellite remote sensing monitoring. The interval between the two surveys was 11 years. The results showed that every 10 years of death The rate of infiltration rate was 7% ~ 9%, and the rate of infiltration rate was 18% ~ 20% .The scales, spruce, fescue and Yue birch could be successfully renewed under the canopy while the Larix gmelinii was the pioneer species, Larch regeneration. Larch provided good regeneration conditions for spruce and fir, which played an important role in maintaining the stability of the subalpine forest. The density of mature forest (about 100 plants per hm-2) did not change much. Analysis of the vegetation changes from 1984 to 1997 using the United States Landsat TM image shows that large-scale natural disturbance such as wind-down can be easily detected. From the landscape scale, it is very effective to monitor the vegetation change by using the TM image. The number of pixels with different reflection intensities The statistical results show that the succession of the community and the reverse succession exist at the same time and are in a state of relative equilibrium, but because of the relationship between image resolution (30m × 30m), it is hard to distinguish the gap with the noise The subalpine coniferous forest belt has a mosaic structure due to a large number of larch patches, which is defined as the apical state of subalpine vegetation. At small scales, for example, a few hectares in area, Is mixed with pioneer tree species such as larch communities, species composition changes over time, but the satellite image analysis results show that: on the whole, the subalpine vegetation in a stable state.