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古希腊哲人亚里士多德的《诗学》虽是一部探究“诗艺”的理论性哲学著述,内里也包含和涉及不少文学史性质的材料,这两部分内容间的关系值得关注。《诗学》卷三1448a29—1448b2有一段关于喜剧以及戏剧起源问题的“戏剧史话”。由于这段话出现在《诗学》一到三章总论部分的结尾处,风格上与总论部分的理论性大不相类,再加上内容古怪、语焉不详,成为《诗学》阐释史上的一个疑难段落,甚而常常被当成没太大意义的离题话来处理。这段“戏剧史话”反映了历史上多里斯人和雅典人对戏剧起源归属问题的文化争夺。本文通过对这段话中所涉两个奇特词源学证据的深入解析,探微取幽,显豁其暗藏玄机且颇具反讽的理论意涵,启发我们深入理解阿提卡戏剧的精神特质,进而思考《诗学》所致力于探讨的“诗艺本身及其种类”。
The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle’s “Poetics” is a theoretical philosophical study of “poetic art”, which also contains and involves a lot of material about the history of literary history, the relationship between these two parts Worth attention. “Poetics” Volume III 1448a29-1448b2 There is a “history of drama” about comedy and theater origins. Since this passage appears at the end of the general part of the first to the third chapters of “Poetics,” the style is totally different from the theoretical part of the general part. In addition, the content is weird and the word does not elaborate to become the historical interpretation of “poetics” A difficult passage, and often even treated as a less significant off-topic. This period of “drama history” reflects the historical cultural rivalry between Doris and Athenians on the attribution of theater origin. Through deep analysis of the two peculiar etymological evidences involved in this passage, this essay probing into the seclusion and revealing its hidden and mysterious theoretical meanings inspires us to understand deeply the spiritual characteristics of Attica’s drama, Then we think about “poetic art itself and its category” devoted to “Poetics”.