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目的了解黑龙江省甲型H1N1流感病毒感染状况,为评估研判疫情发展趋势提供信息支持。方法应用常规微量血凝抑制实验,对2009年12月～2010年3月共4次采集的医院门诊的就诊患者血清1 624份进行甲型H1N1流感抗体水平检测。结果黑龙江省甲型H1N1流感抗体阳性率为20.01%(325/1 624),疫苗的有效率为52.11%(37/71),自然感染率仅为12.04%(288/1 553)。黑龙江省医院、哈尔滨市儿童医院、哈尔滨市血站三家医疗机构中儿童医院的抗体阳性率最高(27.07%);甲型H1N1流感病毒HI抗体阳性率在性别上无显著差异,但在年龄组上有显著差异,6～17岁年龄组抗体阳性率最高33.57%(94/280),0～5岁年龄组次之为26.91%,56岁以上年龄组抗体阳性率最低为3.21%。结论甲型H1N1流感已经在黑龙江省流行,但人群抗体阳性率仅为20.01%,远低于70%的保护水平,有可能还会出现暴发流行疫情,应进一步加强甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种,特别是56岁以上的老年人应重点防护。
Objective To understand the status of influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in Heilongjiang Province and provide information support for the evaluation of the development trend of the outbreak. Methods A total of 1 624 serum samples of hospital outpatients from December 2009 to March 2010 were collected for detection of influenza A (H1N1) antibody by using conventional microagglutination inhibition test. Results The positive rate of influenza A (H1N1) antibody in Heilongjiang province was 20.01% (325/1 624). The effective rate of vaccination was 52.11% (37/71). The natural infection rate was only 12.04% (288/1 553). The positive rate of antibody in children’s hospital of Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin Children’s Hospital and Harbin Blood Station was the highest (27.07%). The positive rate of HI antibody of Influenza A (H1N1) virus was no significant difference in gender, but in the age group The highest positive rate was 33.57% (94/280) in 6-17 years old group, 26.91% in 0-5 years old group, and the lowest was 3.21% in 56 years old group. Conclusion Influenza A (H1N1) influenza is already endemic in Heilongjiang Province. However, the positive rate of antibody in the population is only 20.01%, which is far below the protection level of 70%. There may be epidemic outbreaks, and influenza A (H1N1) influenza vaccination should be further strengthened. The elderly over the age of 56 should focus on protection.