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目的了解广州和深圳两城市居民的冬季活动模式,为人群空气污染环境暴露评估提供参数。方法于2013年12月16—31日采用系统抽样方法抽取广州、深圳共3个社区3 437名居民进行活动模式问卷调查,分析不同地区、性别、年龄及文化程度居民的活动模式,并用二分类logistic回归分析以上因素对活动模式的影响。结果调查对象在工作日的平均室内活动、室外活动和通勤时间分别为1 265、106和69 min/d,休息日的相应活动时间分别为1 192、179和69 min/d。深圳居民工作日和休息日的室内活动时间比广州长,女性室内活动时间比男性长,6~17岁居民比其他年龄组长。多因素logistic回归分析显示,工作日时住在深圳、低于60岁、文化程度在大专及以上的居民室内活动时间较长,休息日时住在深圳、女性、6~17岁居民室内活动时间较长,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论广州和深圳两市不同人群活动模式有所不同,在进行人群空气污染物暴露评估时应结合不同人群的活动模式,以提高评估准确性。
Objective To understand the patterns of winter activities in Guangzhou and Shenzhen cities and to provide parameters for the assessment of population exposure to air pollution. Methods A systematic sampling method was used to sample the activity patterns of 3 437 residents from 3 communities in Guangzhou and Shenzhen from December 16 to December 31, 2013 to analyze the activity patterns of residents in different regions, sexes, ages and educational levels. Logistic regression analysis of the above factors on the impact of activity patterns. Results The average indoor activities, outdoor activities and commuting time of the surveyed workers on weekdays were 1 265,106 and 69 min / d, respectively, and the corresponding periods of rest days were 1 192,179 and 69 min / d respectively. Shenzhen residents working days and rest days indoor activities longer than Guangzhou, indoor activities of women longer than men, 6 to 17-year-old residents than other age groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the working day live in Shenzhen, less than 60 years of age, college education and above residents with longer indoor activities, rest days live in Shenzhen, women, 6 to 17 residents indoor time Longer, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Guangzhou and Shenzhen have different patterns of activities among different groups of people. In the assessment of population air pollutants exposure, activity patterns of different groups should be combined to improve evaluation accuracy.