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目的探讨近１０年新生儿败血症病原学的变化特点。方法比较８０年代组与９０年代组新生儿败血症的临床表现、血培养结果、药敏结果的异同点。结果８０年代组以院外感染为主（占８０７７％），９０年代组院内感染增加达５０００％；皮肤、脐部及呼吸道感染始终是主要的感染途径。体温异常、喂养困难、精神差及黄疸、脐部炎症是两组均常见的临床表现。表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌是主要的致病菌，９０年代耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染率明显上升。青霉素、红霉素及氨苄青霉素敏感率较低；含β内酰胺酶抑制剂的抗生素（优力欣，头孢二、三代）敏感性较高。结论防治医院内获得性感染，是减少新生儿败血症发生的主要措施；随着致病菌的变化，含β内酰胺酶抑制剂的抗生素敏感性较高。
Objective To explore the changes of neonatal sepsis in the past 10 years. Methods The clinical manifestations, blood culture results and drug susceptibility results of neonatal sepsis in the 80s and 90s were compared. Results In the 1980s, nosocomial infections were the most common (80.77%). In the nineties, nosocomial infections increased by 5000%. Skin, umbilicus and respiratory infections were the main routes of infection. Abnormal body temperature, feeding difficulties, poor mental status and jaundice, umbilical inflammation are common clinical manifestations in both groups. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus is the main pathogen, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection rate increased significantly in the 90’s. Penicillin, erythromycin and ampicillin sensitivity is low; antibiotics with β-lactamase inhibitor (You Li Xin, two generations of cephalosporins) higher sensitivity. Conclusion Prevention and treatment of acquired infections in hospital are the main measures to reduce the incidence of neonatal sepsis. With the change of pathogens, antibiotics containing β-lactamase inhibitors are more sensitive.