本文首次提出了列联表法在小麦育种上的应用问题,并对这种方法进行了适当的改进。采用此法对1975—1986年的育种历史资料进行了具体整理和分析。以河南省近年来生产上大面积推广种植的5个品种6个主要性状的表现作为选择标准,建立了单株选择用表,试图为小麦单株选择理论的研究,探索一条新途径。育种实践表明,该法对小麦育种具有重要的指导意义。 This article first proposed the application of contingency table method in wheat breeding, and made some appropriate improvements to this method. This method was used to make a detailed analysis of the breeding historical data from 1975 to 1986. Taking the performance of 6 major traits of 5 varieties popularized in large area in Henan Province in recent years as the selection criteria, the table of single plant selection was established to try to find a new way for the study of wheat single plant selection theory. Breeding practice shows that the law of wheat breeding has an important guiding significance.