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米克洛斯·扬索——匈牙利著名导演,生于1921年多瑙河畔的小城瓦克。大学法学系毕业后,他在一家电器公司法律处供职。1945年匈牙利解放后,扬索重新攻读艺术史、人类学史和电影史,立志投身文艺,并参加了支持工农出身的青年受高等教育的“人民公学”运动。1950年毕业后,他开始了电影生涯。最初八年,他在匈牙利新闻纪录电影制片厂工作,拍摄过二十多部纪录片。他导演的第一部故事片(《钟到罗马》)摄于1958年。米克洛斯·扬索的主要作品有《三星》(1960),《我的路》(1964)、《绝望者》(1965)、《红与白》(1967)、《冬季旱风》(1969)、《上帝的羔羊》(1970)、《红色赞美诗》(1972)等。1964年后,扬索的作品逐渐形成了自己独特的风格,扬索被公认为匈牙利电影业中最有创作特色的导演。他在电影形式上进行了大胆的,富有成效的探索,比如,他的影片往往用很长的长镜头结构,《冬季旱风》竟只有十三个镜头。他的摄影机跟拍演员的活动时甚至要转三百六十度。他的人物似乎在翩翩起舞,跳着“即兴悲剧”。扬索作品的立意总是包含于隐喻之中。他往往借古讽今,因此在国内曾多次受到批判。然而在国际上,扬索的影片正愈来愈引起重视,被普遍认为是当代最重要,最有创新精神的电影导影之一。《扬索影片中的运动和时空》一文译自匈牙利著名女影评家伊芙特·皮洛所著的《米·扬索》一书第二章第二节。篇题为译者所加。每段的小标题是原有的。伊芙特·皮洛自1967年以来曾多次与扬索合作拍片,对扬索的电影语言有直接的、深刻的了解。
Miklos Janowski - Hungarian famous director, was born in 1921 on the Danube river Wick. After graduating from university law school, he worked in the law department of an electrical company. After the liberation of Hungary in 1945, Yansuo returned to art history, history of anthropology and film history, determined to devote himself to literature and art and participated in the “Higher Education for the People’s” Movement supported by young workers who came from workers and peasants. After graduating in 1950, he started a movie career. For the first eight years, he worked in the Hungarian newsreel studio and produced over twenty documentaries. His first feature film (“Bell to Rome”) was taken in 1958. Major works by Miklos Janoso include “Samsung” (1960), My Way (1964), Despair (1965), Red and White (1967), Winter In The Dry Wind (1969) ), “The Lamb of God” (1970), “red hymn” (1972) and others. After 1964, Janoso’s work gradually formed its own unique style, and Janoso was widely recognized as the most creative director in the Hungarian cinema industry. He conducted bold and fruitful exploration of the form of the movie. For example, his films often use a long, long lens structure, with only 13 shots in the winter dry season. His camera even went 360 degrees with the actors’ activities. His characters seem to be dancing and jumping “improvised tragedy.” The idea of Janos work is always contained in the metaphor. He often satires today, so he has repeatedly been criticized in the country. However, in the international arena, Yansuo’s films are gaining more and more attention. They are generally regarded as one of the most important and innovative film guides of our time. The “Movement and Space in Yanshin” is a translation of the second chapter, section II, of the book by M. Yanshiro, a famous Hungarian female film critic. Article added as translator. The subtitle of each paragraph is original. Yves Piilo has collaborated with Yansuo on many occasions since 1967 to film and have a direct and profound understanding of Aviso’s film language.