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目的分析乌海市2008-2011年手足口病流行特征,探讨适宜防控措施。方法收集中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统和乌海市2008-2011年手足口病重症病例和死亡病例个案资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析比较。结果乌海市2008-2011年手足口病报告分别是198、355、1 152和2 479例,报告发病率分别为45.6/10万、81.8/10万、265.5/10万、465.2/10万,2010年和2011年各报告死亡病例1例。除2009年1、2、3月外均有病例报告,但有明显的季节性发病高峰,主要集中在5～7月,发病年龄主要集中在5岁以下年龄组,占总发病数的88.17%,发病率男性高于女性;发病职业以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主,分别占发病总数的54.30%(2 272/4 184)、39.17%(1 639/4 184);2010年以柯萨奇A组16型(CoxA16)为主;2011年以肠道病毒71型(EV71)为主。结论手足口病发病具有明显的季节性和年龄差异,应加强重点人群防控,加强疫情监测,减少发病和死亡。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Wuhai city from 2008 to 2011 and to explore appropriate measures for prevention and control. Methods The data of China Disease Surveillance Information Report Management System and cases of HFMD and death from 2008 to 2011 in Wuhai were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results The reports of hand-foot-mouth disease in Wuhai City in 2008-2011 were 198,355,1 152 and 2 479 respectively. The reported rates were 45.6 / 100000, 81.8 / 100000, 265.5 / 100000, 465.2 / 100000, 1 case of each reported death in 2010 and 2011. In addition to January, February and March 2009, there are other cases reported, but there is a clear seasonal peak, mainly concentrated in May to July, the age of onset mainly concentrated in the age group under 5 years, accounting for 88.17% of the total number of cases, , The incidence of males is higher than that of females; the incidence of occupations is mainly for scattered children and preschool children, accounting for 54.30% (2 272/4 184) and 39.17% (1 639/4 184) respectively of the total incidences; in 2010, Odd group A 16 (CoxA16) mainly in 2011 to enterovirus 71 (EV71) based. Conclusion The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease has obvious seasonal and age differences. The prevention and control of key population should be strengthened to strengthen the surveillance of the epidemic and reduce the incidence and death.