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试验结果表明混合选择与全姊妹轮回选择对于改良玉米群体的经济性状及植株性状都是有效的,而且效应是累积的。选择对于产量性状的效应,以选择世代来比较,轮回选择大于混合选择;以时间来计算效益,二者差不多。两种方法获得改良效果的原因都在于优良性状个体频率的增加,而优良基因型频率增加的基础,在于优良基因的重组,所以玉米群体改良的方法必须是有助于优良基因重组的机会。构成单株产量的穗行数、行粒数、百粒重三个性状对于单株产量的影响是不一致的,其中以行粒数对单株产量的关系最为密切。在进行以产量为目标的群体改良工作时,必须注意行粒数的选择。
The experimental results show that the mixed selection and full sibling selection are effective for improving the economic traits and plant traits of the maize population, and the effect is cumulative. Choosing the effect on yield traits, choosing generations to be compared, choosing more than cycles, and choosing time to calculate benefits are similar. The reason for the improvement by both methods lies in the increase of the frequency of individuals with good traits. The basis for the increased genotype frequency is based on the recombination of good genes. Therefore, methods for improvement of maize populations must be opportunities for good gene recombination. The number of rows per plant, number of rows per line, and the effect of three traits per 100-grain weight on the yield per plant were inconsistent. Among them, the relationship between the number of rows per plant and the yield per plant was the most closely related. When doing population improvement work aimed at yield, we must pay attention to the choice of grain number.